`str.replace` can crash under memory pressure

[sobolevn]

Crash report

Refs #151763

Original description: https://gist.github.com/devdanzin/34b633230f6d2301ba17dec195ffe4b7 as OOM-009

Linked PRs

• gh-152228: Fix an assertion failure in str.replace under a limited memory case #152229
• [3.15] gh-152228: Fix an assertion failure in str.replace under a limited memory case (GH-152229) #152615
• [3.14] gh-152228: Fix an assertion failure in str.replace under a limited memory case (GH-152229) #152616
• [3.13] gh-152228: Fix an assertion failure in str.replace under a limited memory case (GH-152229) #152617